Afrique du Sud, Côte d'Ivoire... interrogeons les violences

Edito
Publié le

Homo homini lupus est : C'est du latin, et ça signifie : « l'homme est un loup pour l'homme », plus précisément que « l'homme est le pire ennemi de son semblable, ou de sa propre espèce ». Ce postulat repris par le célèbre philosophe anglais, Thomas Hobbes, campe parfaitement les violences xénophobes récurrentes en Afrique du Sud, (62 personnes tuées en 2008, 7 en 2015 et 10 en 2019) et qui commencent à avoir des échos dangereux dans d'autres pays.

En République démocratique du Congo (RDC), un consulat et des magasins sud-africains attaqués. En Zambie, des violences signalées contre des ressortissants sud-africains. Au Nigéria, ce sont des entreprises qui ont été prises pour cibles en représailles aux violences xénophobes de Johannesburg. Cela pourrait continuer et s'étendre à d'autres pays, si l'on n'y prend garde, avec son lot de perte en vies humaines, et de destruction de biens matériels. Sans compter la crispation, sinon la rupture des relations diplomatiques et commerciales que ces tristes événements entraînent immanquablement entre la nation arc-en-ciel et les autres pays. A qui la faute, et que faire ?

C'est ici que cette autre réflexion de Hobbes invite à poser un diagnostic clair du mal que vivent nos sociétés africaines. « Aussi longtemps que les hommes vivent sans un pouvoir commun qui les tient en respect, ils sont dans cette condition qui se nomme guerre, la guerre de chacun contre chacun ». Le philosophe estime qu'il doit nécessairement avoir une sorte d'égalité entre les hommes pour imposer la paix dans la société. Autrement, les inégalités sociales, les flagrantes et inacceptables disparités entre les populations vivant dans une même société, où l'on voit des cités huppées qui jouxtent des quartiers précaires, où le luxe ostentatoire nargue presque l'extrême pauvreté, créent forcément des relations conflictuelles.

En Afrique du Sud, les violences partent toujours des townships où la classe démunie réside, assaillie par les difficultés du quotidien (manque d'emplois, pauvreté, mauvaises conditions de vie, drogue) et scrute désespérément l'horizon pour un lendemain meilleur qui n'arrive jamais. Cette classe abandonnée saisit alors toutes les occasions qui s'offrent à elle pour vomir son amertume et signaler ainsi sa présence aux autorités. C'est aussi l'occasion de satisfaire des besoins existentiels à travers des actes de pillage. En Afrique du Sud comme dans d'autres pays africains, les violences sont très souvent le fait d'habitants de ces quartiers pauvres, marginalisés par la société, et qui revendiquent un mieux être.

Quand on établit un parallèle avec la Côte d'Ivoire et qu'on analyse le phénomène des microbes, on aboutit au même résultat : ce phénomène a pour mère la pauvreté, l'inégalité sociale. Les microbes ne se disent-ils pas abandonnés par l’État et s'organisent par conséquent pour '' prendre pour eux avec les gens ''. Ils s'en prennent à d'honnêtes citoyens qu'ils dépouillent de leurs biens, même les babioles, parce qu'ils n'ont aucune perspective. De l'Afrique du Sud à la Côte d'Ivoire ou ailleurs, les constats sont éloquents. Les inégalités sociales, l'extrême pauvreté, le chômage conduisent à des actes de violence. Ces actes sont certes à condamner dans nos sociétés qui sont régies par des lois, mais il convient de les interroger sereinement afin d'avoir les bonnes réponses et adresser ainsi les meilleures solutions. Après les émotions, les condamnations des violences au pays de Mandela, il faut passer à l'acte et guérir nos sociétés. Sinon, il faut craindre comme l’empereur Hailé Sélassié, à la tribune de l'Organisation des nations unies (Onu) le 06 octobre 1963 : « Tant que la philosophie qui fait la distinction entre une race supérieure et une autre inférieure ne sera pas finalement et pour toujours discréditée et abandonnée ; tant qu'il y aura encore dans certaines nations des citoyens de première et de seconde classe ; tant que la couleur de la peau d'un homme n'aura pas plus de signification que la couleur de ses yeux ; tant que les droits fondamentaux de l'homme ne seront pas également garantis à tous sans distinction de race ; Jusqu'à ce jour le rêve d'une paix durable, d'une citoyenneté mondiale et d'une règle de moralité internationale, ne restera qu'une illusion fugitive que l'on poursuit sans jamais l'atteindre. (...) »

Hamadou ZIAO

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        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::74dd65e7558b8f2d774642e8880a20558c4e9ee3:18
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `position` = 'breadcrumb' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        420μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. breadcrumb
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::74dd65e7558b8f2d774642e8880a20558c4e9ee3:23
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `position` = 'art-main-top' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        470μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. art-main-top
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::74dd65e7558b8f2d774642e8880a20558c4e9ee3:34
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `published`, `type`, `image`, `code`, `url`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `banners` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `banner_group_id` = '12' and `banners`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` desc limit 1
        470μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 12
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `position` = 'art-inread' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        590μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. art-inread
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::74dd65e7558b8f2d774642e8880a20558c4e9ee3:44
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `published`, `type`, `image`, `code`, `url`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `banners` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `banner_group_id` = '37' and `banners`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` desc limit 1
        370μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 37
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `position` = 'art-main-bottom' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        450μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. art-main-bottom
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::74dd65e7558b8f2d774642e8880a20558c4e9ee3:57
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `published`, `type`, `image`, `code`, `url`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `banners` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `banner_group_id` = '31' and `banners`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` desc limit 1
        360μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 31
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `position` = 'art-sidebar' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        490μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. art-sidebar
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::74dd65e7558b8f2d774642e8880a20558c4e9ee3:65
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `published`, `type`, `image`, `code`, `url`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `banners` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `banner_group_id` = '7' and `banners`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` desc limit 1
        400μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 7
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `published`, `type`, `image`, `code`, `url`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `banners` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `banner_group_id` = '32' and `banners`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` desc limit 1
        370μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 32
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `position` = 'art-bottom' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        670μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. art-bottom
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::74dd65e7558b8f2d774642e8880a20558c4e9ee3:75
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `published`, `type`, `image`, `code`, `url`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `banners` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `banner_group_id` = '3' and `banners`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` desc limit 1
        430μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 3
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBanner/ModBannerViewComposer.php:45
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `alias`, `category_id`, `published`, `created_by`, `created_at`, `authored_by`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `billets` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `category_id` = 12 and `id` <> 50965 and `billets`.`deleted_at` is null order by `created_at` desc limit 3
        490μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:63linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 12
        • 4. 50965
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:63
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `name`, `alias`, `image` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (53, 241)
        300μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:63linfov2023
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:63
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `alias`, `type`, `link`, `parent_id`, `params`, `is_home`, (select count(*) from `menus` as `laravel_reserved_5` where `laravel_reserved_5`.`id` = `menus`.`parent_id`) as `parent_count` from `menus` where `type` = 1 and `resource_action` = 'blog' and `resource_alias` = 'billet' and `resource_category_id` = 12
        330μs/app/Helpers/Route.php:61linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. blog
        • 2. billet
        • 3. 12
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Route.php:61
        • 15. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:66
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
      • select `id`, `title`, `alias`, `category_id`, `published`, `created_by`, `authored_by`, `created_at`, `publication_start_at`, `publication_stop_at` from `billets` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:12') and `category_id` <> 12 and `id` <> 50965 and `billets`.`deleted_at` is null order by `created_at` desc limit 3
        400μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:85linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:12
        • 3. 12
        • 4. 50965
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:85
        • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title` from `categories` where `categories`.`id` in (26)
        210μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:85linfov2023
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:85
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `name`, `alias`, `image` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (226)
        210μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:85linfov2023
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:85
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:91
      • select `id`, `title`, `alias`, `type`, `link`, `parent_id`, `params`, `is_home`, `resource_category_id`, (select count(*) from `menus` as `laravel_reserved_6` where `laravel_reserved_6`.`id` = `menus`.`parent_id`) as `parent_count` from `menus` where `type` = 1 and `resource_action` = 'blog' and `resource_alias` = 'billet' and `resource_category_id` in (26)
        290μs/app/Helpers/Route.php:89linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. blog
        • 2. billet
        • 3. 26
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Route.php:89
        • 15. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:90
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
      • select `id`, `title`, `alias`, `type`, `link`, `parent_id`, `params`, `is_home` from `menus` where `menus`.`id` in (0)
        170μs/app/Helpers/Route.php:89linfov2023
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Helpers/Route.php:89
        • 20. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModBillRelated/ModBillRelatedViewComposer.php:90
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and `position` = 'topbar-l' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        530μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 3. topbar-l
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::6b23249036d9961d257c1a3580ab5223d4c17ec8:49
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and `position` = 'topbar-r' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        430μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 3. topbar-r
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::6b23249036d9961d257c1a3580ab5223d4c17ec8:54
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and `position` = 'header-r' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        440μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 3. header-r
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::6b23249036d9961d257c1a3580ab5223d4c17ec8:70
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and `position` = 'menu' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        490μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 3. menu
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::6b23249036d9961d257c1a3580ab5223d4c17ec8:82
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `alias`, `type`, `link`, `parent_id`, `params`, `is_home`, (select count(*) from `menus` as `laravel_reserved_7` where `laravel_reserved_7`.`id` = `menus`.`parent_id`) as `parent_count` from `menus` where `parent_id` = 0 and `published` = 1 and `menu_group_id` = '5' order by `index` asc
        440μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModMenu/ModMenuViewComposer.php:38linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 0
        • 1. 1
        • 2. 5
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModMenu/ModMenuViewComposer.php:38
        • 15. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModMenu/ModMenuViewComposer.php:65
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and `position` = 'menu-offcanvas' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        440μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 3. menu-offcanvas
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::6b23249036d9961d257c1a3580ab5223d4c17ec8:91
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and `position` = 'footer' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        460μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 3. footer
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::6b23249036d9961d257c1a3580ab5223d4c17ec8:105
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `show_title`, `type`, `params`, `layout`, `index` from `modules` where `published` = 1 and (`publication_start_at` is null or `publication_start_at` <= '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and (`publication_stop_at` is null or `publication_stop_at` > '2025-05-10 14:49:13') and `position` = 'footer-menu' and `assignment` <> 0 and (exists (select * from `menus` inner join `module_menu_map` on `menus`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`menu_id` where `modules`.`id` = `module_menu_map`.`module_id` and `id` = 15 and `assignment` = 2) or `assignment` = 1) and (`show_on_devices` = 0) and `modules`.`deleted_at` is null order by `index` asc
        440μs/app/Helpers/Render.php:56linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 2. 2025-05-10 14:49:13
        • 3. footer-menu
        • 4. 0
        • 5. 15
        • 6. 2
        • 7. 1
        • 8. 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Helpers/Render.php:56
        • 15. view::6b23249036d9961d257c1a3580ab5223d4c17ec8:121
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      • select `id`, `title`, `alias`, `type`, `link`, `parent_id`, `params`, `is_home`, (select count(*) from `menus` as `laravel_reserved_8` where `laravel_reserved_8`.`id` = `menus`.`parent_id`) as `parent_count` from `menus` where `parent_id` = 0 and `published` = 1 and `menu_group_id` = '13' order by `index` asc
        260μs/app/Http/View/Modules/ModMenu/ModMenuViewComposer.php:38linfov2023
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 0
        • 1. 1
        • 2. 13
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModMenu/ModMenuViewComposer.php:38
        • 15. /app/Http/View/Modules/ModMenu/ModMenuViewComposer.php:65
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:120
      App\Models\Banner\Banner
      3
      App\Models\Module\Module
      10
      App\Models\Source\Source
      1
      App\Models\Revision\Revision
      1
      App\Models\User\User
      4
      App\Models\Category\Category
      2
      App\Models\Billet\Billet
      11
      App\Models\Menu\Menu
      17
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